Lichen Planus #lichenplanus

Lichen planus is an inflammatory condition of the skin. It can occur at any time of life; the frequency is evaluated in 0.5% of the population. The development of the lesions is often triggered by stress.

It is characterized by violet skin bumps. These bumps have a flattened surface and are covered by fine whitish lacy network; they are very itchy. In the atypical forms, the skin lesions can have different features. The lesions are typically localized on the anterior aspects of the wrists, the lower limbs, the lumbar region, and the mucosal areas (oral, genital). They can also appear in areas of previous trauma, what is called Koebner phenomenon.  

Lichen Planus

Oral Lichen Planus

The exact cause of lichen planus is unknown. An autoimmune origin would be the most likely (similar lesions develop in graft versus host disease and lupus erythematosus). Association with chronic liver disease and hepatitis C is observed.

Most frequently the lesions disappear within 12-15 months. Recurrences are seen in 15-50% of cases even after many years. There are long lasting types which induce scarring and carry an increased risk of skin cancer.

Treatment is based on topical steroids administered in creams or ointments. Steroids can also be taken orally or intralesionally, depending on the severity of the disease. Other immunossupressive drugs and light therapy are needed in the resistant cases.

(Font: Globale Dermatologie)